专利引文是衡量技术创新的重要指标。以著名的德温特(DII)创新系统的数据,对通信设备行业两家重要企业思科与华为的专利引文进行分析。结果显示,一些中国高技术企业经过多年的技术创新,其研发效率已经追上世界一流的跨国企业;中国企业的技术扩散主要是在国内,国际间技术扩散刚刚起步,影响力较小;而跨国企业技术扩散是全球性的,影响力处于龙头地位;追赶型企业技术创新是力求突破的锥型布局,领先企业是平衡型的哑铃布局;企业的技术创新布局主导着它们的技术扩散方向,中国企业技术创新与扩散的宽度大,但是优势技术少,技术深度低。而跨国企业优势技术多,技术扩散的深度高,技术专业化程度比较高。
Abstract
Patent citation is one of important indicators surveying technological innovation. By analyzing DII'S patent citations of two top enterprises Cisco and Huawei in communications equipments industry, their innovation and technology diffusion are explored. Results argue that through long-term innovation, the efficiency of some Chinese high-technological firms in R&D has caught up with that of some top multinationals; Technological diffusion of Chinese enterprises mainly distributes in domestic firms. Its technological internationalization just starts now and has the weak influence. And the multinational technological diffusion is global and has the strong influence; Technological innovation of the pursuing enterprise displays a awl-shaped distribution, and technological innovation of the advanced enterprise shows a dumbbell distribution; the distribution of technological innovation leads the direction of technological diffusion; The distribution width of technological innovation and diffusion for Chinese enterprises are widen, however, its top technologies are fewer, the technical specialization level is low, and multinational corporation has more superior technologies, its depth for technological innovation and diffusion is higher, and the degree of technical specialization is relatively high.
关键词
专利 /
专利引文 /
技术创新 /
技术扩散
Key words
patent /
patent citation /
technological innovation /
technological diffusion
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基金
本文受国家自然科学基金"科技信息传播过程对科学发展影响的科学计量学研究(编号:70973031,时间:2008-2010)"和"基于引文网络图数据挖掘的热点技术领域预测研究(编号:71003020,时间:2010-2012)"支持。
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