摘要：创新绩效的一个重要标志是R&D效率。运用超效率DEA模型对我国十五期间17个制造行业的R&D效率进行了测度，并对R&D投入利用率进行了分析。结果表明，在十五期间有60%以上的制造行业R&D投入资源未能得到有效利用，仅见少数制造行业R&D效率呈现逐步改善趋势，大多数制造行业R&D效率未见明显提高，而是呈现波动变化状态。在分析结果的基础上提出了一些改进制造业R&D效率的对策建议。

Abstract： R&D efficiency is the mark for the innovation performance. The R&D efficiency of 17 manufacturing industries ill China during the 10th Five-Year Plan period (2001-2005) is analyzed based on a super-efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) model，and the utilization ratio of R&D input is analyzed. The results show that more than 60% of manufacturing industries had a lower efficiency, and only a few of them have improved their efficiencies during this period, others just showed an erratic fluctuation of R&D efficiency. On the basis of the empirical analysis, some suggestions for improving the R&D efficiency of Chinese manufacturing industries are put forward.