摘要：截至目前，国内对研究所进行技术效率评价主要应用DEA方法，该方法局限于横截面比较，不能反应评价单元的时间趋势，为弥补该缺陷，本文首次将基于对数型柯布－道格拉斯生产函数的随机前沿分析方法（SFA）应用到中国科学院研究所间的相对效率评价中，在中国科学院主体82个研究所2004－2007年的面板数据的基础上，实证研究了研究所间的相对技术效率及其变化趋势。研究结果表明中科院研究所整体效率呈现下降趋势。

Abstract: Currently, the main method used for the technical efficiency evaluations of research institutes in China is DEA, which is limited to cross-sectional comparison without the time trend for evaluation units. In order to remedy the defect of DEA, the method of Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA) based on Cobb-Douglas production function is applied to evaluate the efficiencies of 82 institutes in CAS during the period of 2004-2007. The results show that the overall efficiency presents a decline trend. Key words: Cobb-Douglas production function; technical efficiency; SFA; maximum likelihood estimation