摘要：开展项目监测评价是保证项目顺利实施和目标完成的重要手段之一。本文对世行贷款项目的监测评价工作进行了阐述，从世行项目周期、监测评价的指标设计、监测评价的组织管理和监测评价结果使用等方面进行深入分析，结合我国新时期对科技管理工作的迫切需求和国家科技重大专项的监测评价工作面临的困难和挑战，提出涉及国家科技重大专项监测评价的相关建议。

Abstract: Project Monitoring & Evaluation(M&E) implement is an important instrument to ensure the project implementation and to achieve the project’s strategic objective. The M&E practice of World Bank’s projects in China is introduced; it includes in-depth analysis of the World Bank’s project cycle, toolkit of M&E, management of M&E as well as the use of evaluation results. Considering the urgent need to improve the Chinese R&D management system and to tackle the challenge and difficulty in the M&E process of mega projects of science research for national medium and long term programme of S&T development (2006-2020), some suggestions are provided on the basis of the lessons leaned from World Bank’s M&E practice.