摘要：根据新贸易理论，进口产品通过其内生的技术溢出对经济增长起促进作用，而技术溢出的效果则与贸易结构相关，并且需要一定的人力资本相结合。基于我国1980-2006年数据的经验研究发现：资本品、中间品进口均对技术进步有长期稳定的促进作用，证实我国进口存在技术溢出，而人力资本结构和人力资本水平则直接决定了进口贸易技术溢出的效果；比较而言，中间进口品的溢出作用大于资本进口品；进口贸易与技术进步之间不存在双向因果关系，贸易结构改善与技术进步之间的良性循环并未形成。根据以上结论，文章最后提出了相关的政策建议。  

    Abstract: Under the new trade theory, import products boost economic growth through its endogenous technology spillovers. The technology spillover effects associate with the trade structure, and need a certain combination of human capital. Based on experience data of China in 1980-2006, it is found that capital goods, intermediate goods, and imports all have a long-term, stable effect on the technological progress. Chinese import has the technology spillovers, and the structure of human capital and the level of human capital directly determine the effects of import trade technological spillovers. Contrastively, intermediate import goods have more spillover function than capital import goods; there is no a two-way causal relationship between import trade and technological advances, and virtuous cycle has not formed between trade structure improvement and the technological progress. In light of these conclusions, some relevant policy recommendations are put forward.