回顾了国内外关于知识管理理论及知识管理与新产品开发绩效关系方面的研究成果，提出了航空新产品开发中组织要素、知识管理活动和新产品开发绩效之间关系的概念模型和理论假设，基于对航空企业和科研院所的问卷调查数据进行了定量的实证研究。结果表明：知识管理活动的各维度对新产品开发绩效有显著影响；组织结构、组织文化对知识管理活动有显著影响，但IT工具对知识管理活动的影响则不显著，限制IT工具发挥作用的主要原因是其使用的不便利性；组织要素的各维度对新产品开发绩效有显著影响。这些研究结果可以为航空企业或科研院所在推进知识管理时应采取的策略提供有益的参考。

Abstract: Theories on knowledge management and research results on the relationship between knowledge management and new product development performance are reviewed, and then the conceptual model for assessing the correlation between organizational factors and knowledge management on new product development performance is developed on the basis of various hypothesis. Aviation enterprises and scientific research institutions were selected for a questionnaire survey and evaluated. The verification results indicate that all the knowledge management method aspects and organizational factor aspects have a significant effect on new product development performance. Organizational structure and culture factors have significant effect on the knowledge management. But IT factor do not affect the knowledge management obviously. The main reason for this is the inconvenievut use of IT tools. The statistics results can provide some valuable hints for aviation enterprises and scientific research institutions to implement knowledge management.