我国863计划知识产权权属经历了从归国家所有到归属于项目承担单位所有的演进历程。本文通过在微观层次上分析政府、高等院校、科研机构、企业和科研人员各利益主体在参与863计划的行为目标及主体间知识产权权属冲突与博弈的过程，旨在探讨目前863计划知识产权权属的分配方式在协调公共利益与私人利益平衡中的作用，研究结果有利于进一步完善包括863计划在内的科技计划知识产权权属制度，实现有效保护、激励并促进高技术领域的自主创新的目的。

    Based on the analysis of benefit conflict and balance of national hi-tech R&D program participators which includes government, universities, research institutes, enterprises, and the research personnel, it is explained that the intellectual property ownership is important for coordinating the public benefits and private benefits. The results will be helpful to improve the intellectual property right system of R&D program, including the national hi-tech R&D program.