众多相关企业在特定地理空间大规模集聚给区域经济发展带来了独特的竞争优势。发展中国家传统产业集群面临生产要素价格上升以及其他集群低成本竞争的压力。九十年代以来，全球价值链理论给集群升级提供了一个有益的研究视角。不同治理模式下的集群空间转移能力具有很大的差异。本文介绍了集群可能的升级路径，并重点分析传统制造环节沿着全球价值链向研发、营销等上下游环节拓展的功能升级，对其中的影响要素做了梳理。  

The agglomeration of enterprises in geographically delimited area brings about the local competitiveness and development. The traditional clusters in developing countries have to upgrade when they have encountered the rising prices of essential factors of production and the competition from other clusters. Since the 1990s, the researches on the Global Value Chains (GVCs) offer useful method of study. The previous studies distinguished between different kinds of chain governance and different types of upgrading. The crucial factors in functional upgrading, that the clusters move from assembly to the designing and marketing of product sold under own brand on the internal and external market are emphasized. . 36 Refs In Chinese