在阐明国家实验室地位作用和美国国家实验室发展历程、目标使命基础上, 分析了美国国家实验室的管理体制和运行机制。着重从国家实验室的分级分类管理、目标任务合同制、实验室与承包商间互利双赢模式、内部管理架构和学术组织结构等管理体制方面,董事会领导下的主任负责制,人员聘用管理与流动,人才、项目与仪器设备结合,科技资源开放共享,合作与竞争, 同行评议,技术转移等运行机制方面研究其有益经验,以期对我国国家实验室的建设提供借鉴参考。

On the management of the national laboratories,USA has a lot of unique experience and successful cases.The management system and the operation mechanism of American national laboratory are mainly analyzed, such as the classified management system, the contract management system, the construction of the management system, the human resource management and so on. The distinguished experience and cases on American national laboratories would provide the basis for China to make policies and strategies on the establishment of national laboratory.