本文用基于非参数的Malmquist指数方法将全要素生产率(TFP)变动分解为技术进步和生产效率变化两个部分,运用该方法测算了中国改革以来整体工业生产率的变动趋势,并进一步探讨了地区之间工业TFP增长差异的特征。结果显示:改革开放以来,中国工业TFP的增长主要是由技术进步推动的,生产效率的下降对TFP的增长造成了不利影响。同时,东、中、西部地区之间工业TFP增长率也存在显著差异,地区技术进步程度的差异是造成地区工业TFP差距持续扩大的主要因素。

Based on a nonparametric Malmquist index approach, the Total Factor Productivity(TFP) trend in China's industry has been analyzed, which is decomposed into technical efficiency and technical progress. The results indicate that the average growth rate of Chinese industry is mainly due to the improvement of the technical progress, the decline of productive efficiency has affected the growth of TFP adversely. There are obvious different growth of TFP between east, centre, and west regions of China, the difference of technology development between regions is one of the important factors caused regional TFP divergence.