系统创新条件下各利益主体从自身利益出发将会导致创新的失败而贻误技术推广的时机。在网络外部性特征明显的行业,创新的滞后和技术成果商业化的受阻实际就意味着已经输在了起跑线上。在发展中国家和发达国家的竞争中,如果依据市场无形之手进行调节,结果是不利于发展中国家的。为了避免我国长期处于既出让市场又购买技术这样的不利状况,必须有第三方介入避免网络外部性条件下系统创新的市场失灵。

When every profit unit in the innovation system seeks the benefit of its own, the profit maximization behavior will lead to the failure of innovation and the delay of technology spread. In fact, the innovation delay and the failure of technology commercialization mean that the innovator has been beaten at the back line in the industry of network externalities. The result of the competition between the developing countries and the developed countries are advantageous to the latter, if the market has been adjusted only by the invisible hand. Therefore the third party should enter into the innovation system to prevent this situation from remaining long, that is, the developing countries have to offer their national markets to the developed countries and meanwhile to buy the technologies from them.