随着加快公共数据开放共享成为我国数字政府建设的核心任务，评估开放政府数据的微观价值具有重要意义。本文基于2009—2022年中国A股上市公司数据，以地级市政府数据平台上线作为准自然实验，考察开放政府数据对企业数字化转型的影响。研究发现，开放政府数据显著促进企业数字化转型，且主要通过信息传导、风险应对及条件创造三大机制为企业转型赋能。在所处地区数字经济发展水平低、获得政府补贴少、属于制造业、规模小以及初始数字化水平高的企业中，开放政府数据的积极影响更显著。进一步研究表明，开放政府数据与“宽带中国”“信息惠民”及国家级大数据综合试验区政策有协同效应；其对“底层技术嵌入”的促进作用，强于对“数字技术应用”这类高层次转型的促进，并能通过驱动数字化转型来提升企业全要素生产率。本文深化了关于以开放政府数据为代表的数据要素政策影响中国数字经济发展的理解，为政府和企业利用开放政府数据释放数据要素价值、把握数字经济发展新契机、拓展经济发展新领域提供了参考。

As accelerating the opening-up and sharing of public data has become a core task of China's digital government development，it is of great significance to evaluate the micro-level value and mechanism of action of open government data. Based on data from Chinese A-share listed companies from 2009 to 2022，this paper employs the launch of prefectural-level government data platforms as a quasi-natural experiment to examine the impact of open government data on enterprise digital transformation. The study finds that open government data significantly promotes enterprise digital transformation，primarily empowering enterprises through three mechanisms:information transmission，risk response，and condition creation. The positive impact of open government data is more pronounced among enterprises in regions with low levels of digital economy development，those receiving fewer government subsidies，in the manufacturing sector，of smaller size，and with higher initial digitalization levels. Further research indicates that open government data has synergistic effects with policies such as "Broadband China"，"Information Benefiting the People"，and the national big data comprehensive pilot zones. It has a more significant effect on enhancing "underlying technology embedding" than on promoting high-level transformation activities such as "digital technology application"，and can improve enterprises' total factor productivity by facilitating digital transformation. This paper deepens the understanding of how data element policies，represented by open government data，influence China's digital economy development，and provides robust policy guidance for governments and enterprises to leverage open government data，unlock the value of data elements，seize new opportunities in digital economic development，and expand new frontiers for economic growth.