架构者视角下新兴技术创新生态系统演化机制

doi:10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.08.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 人工智能大模型新兴技术创新生态正加速形成，架构者在技术突破和生态建设中伴随着技术创新的正面效应和负面影响，有待探索新兴技术创新生态系统形成机制和治理策略。本文采取纵向案例研究方法，以OpenAI为例，从架构者视角探索新兴技术创新生态系统的演化机制以及架构者的多元治理机制。研究发现：（1）起步探索阶段，架构者通过开放式架构、广泛技术路线的试验探索，实现技术目标清晰化；（2）发展突破阶段，架构者通过协同式架构、确定技术路线集中投入，以及内部技术治理嵌入、接受社会公众监督，实现技术布局体系化；（3）持续成长阶段，架构者通过整合式架构、加快建设创新生态，通过行业联合治理、参与政府治理活动，推进生态发展合法化。本文构建了“结构－行为－治理－绩效”（SCGP）过程模型，识别出技术治理、公众监督、行业治理和参与政府治理活动的多元治理机制，推动了新兴技术创新生态系统演化机制的研究，对研发组织实现新兴技术突破、加快构建未来产业生态具有借鉴意义。

关键词: 有组织科研, 技术创新生态系统, 大模型, 架构者, 治理机制

Abstract: Emerging innovation ecosystems, such as those based on artificial intelligence foundation models, are rapidly taking shape. Unlike traditional industry innovation ecosystems, architects in these new ecosystems must navigate both positive and negative impacts of technological innovation during the experimental and exploratory phases of ecological construction. Further investigation is required to understand the formation mechanisms and governance strategies of these emerging industry innovation ecosystems. This paper employed a longitudinal case study approach, focusing on OpenAI, a leading research and development organization, to distill general patterns in the formation of emerging industry innovation ecosystems from the architect′s perspective. It also delved into the varied governance mechanisms employed by architects within industry innovation ecosystems. The study revealed that: first, in the initial exploration phase, architects clarify technical objectives through open architecture and extensive testing of various technology pathways; second, during the development breakthrough phase, architects achieve a comprehensive technology layout by leveraging collaborative architecture, making focused investments in selected technology routes, integrating internal technology governance, and embracing public oversight; and third, in the continuous growth phase, architects enhance joint industry governance and engage in governmental governance activities by integrating architecture and accelerating the construction of innovation ecosystems, thereby reinforcing the legitimacy of ecological development. This paper constructed a "structure-conduct-governance-performance" (SCGP) process model, identified multiple governance mechanisms, including technology governance, public supervision, industry governance, and participation in government governance, and advanced research on the formation mechanisms of emerging industry innovation ecosystems. It will hold significant implications for research and development organizations aiming to achieve breakthroughs in emerging technologies and expedite the development of emerging industry innovation ecosystems.

Key words: organized scientific research, technology innovation ecosystem, foundation model, architect, governance mechanism

施锦诚, 王迎春. 架构者视角下新兴技术创新生态系统演化机制[J]. 科研管理, 2025, 46(8): 111-122.

Shi Jincheng, Wang Yingchun. The evolution mechanism of emerging technology innovation ecosystem from the perspective of architect[J]. Science Research Management, 2025, 46(8): 111-122.

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