科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 134-144.DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.01.014

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

专精特新企业研发强度对创新能力的影响研究

葛晶1,2，赵丽仪3，葛宝山1,4
  

  1. 1.吉林大学商学与管理学院，吉林 长春130012；
    2.长春工业大学公共管理学院，吉林 长春130012；
    3.大连理工大学商学院，辽宁 盘锦124221；
    4.吉林大学创业研究中心，吉林 长春130012
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-29 修回日期:2024-08-09 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2025-01-09
  • 通讯作者: 赵丽仪
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目《我国隐形冠军企业机会-资源一体化创业过程及机理研究》（71972083,2020.01—2023.12)；国家自然科学基金重大项目《创新驱动创业的重大理论与实践问题研究》（72091310）课题一《数字经济下的创新驱动创业的基础理论》（72091315），子课题二“数字创新驱动的新企业创业模式研究”（72091313,2020.12—2025.12)。

Research on the impact of R&D intensity on the technological Research on the impact of R&D intensity on the technological  innovation capability of SRDI enterprises

Ge Jing1,2, Zhao Liyi3, Ge Baoshan1,4   

  1. 1. School of Business and Management, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China; 
    2. School of Public Administration, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China; 
    3. Business School, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, Liaoning, China; 
    4. Entrepreneurship Research Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
  • Received:2023-11-29 Revised:2024-08-09 Online:2025-01-20 Published:2025-01-09

摘要：       逆全球化背景下，专精特新企业如何实现关键核心技术突破并在细分行业占据领先地位，已然成为管理者和学者们共同关注的议题。专精特新企业发展有赖于技术创新能力的形成与进阶，专精特新企业借助技术创新能力来形成和巩固细分市场竞争优势，成为科技引领未来的重要推动力。基于此，本文选取GK企业进行探索性单案例研究，采用扎根理论并借助Nvivo软件对案例资料进行编码处理，旨在探究研发强度对专精特新企业技术创新能力的影响机理。研究发现：（1）管理者认知是在外部创业情境和内部资源与能力基础上形成的，其是专精特新企业技术创新能力形成的关键要素；（2）随着外部情境改变，企业调整研发强度，并在企业管理者认知与研发强度两者的共同推动下，合作网络中心性和网络密度呈现出不同程度转变，从而企业技术创新能力实现进阶；（3）提出专精特新企业技术创新能力的演化模型，理清管理者认知、研发强度、网络构建和技术创新能力间的内在关系，揭示专精特新企业技术创新能力提升的作用路径。本研究对我国专精特新企业提升技术创新能力和形成独特竞争优势具有一定的参考价值。

关键词: 专精特新企业, 研发强度, 网络关系, 技术创新能力, 演化机理

Abstract:     With the increasingly severe international situation, the West has implemented strict technological blockades on China, and the problem of key bottlenecks in technology is becoming increasingly prominent. From a national perspective, China is paying more and more attention to scientific and technological innovation, and increasing R&D expenditures year by year for original and leading scientific and technological breakthroughs. As the main force of technological innovation, enterprises play an important role in the process of tackling key core technologies in China. The solution to the "bottleneck" technical problem relies on the improvement of the technological innovation capabilities of small and medium-sized enterprises with the characteristics of specialization, refinement, differentiation and innovation (SRDI enterprises). However, most enterprises have paid special attention to manufacturing, sales, and service processes in the past. Due to insufficient R&D investment and lack of strategic attention, their technological innovation capabilities are insufficient, and they are still "controlled by others" in key core technology areas. Exploring the impact of R&D intensity on technological innovation capability in SRDI enterprises has become a common concern in both academia and practice.Based on the research objectives and following the principles of typicality and effectiveness, this study selected GK enterprises as the research object for an exploratory single case study to explore the impact mechanism of R&D intensity on the technological innovation capability of SRDI enterprises. According to the grounded theory, this study organized and coded the obtained case data, in order to obtain some important findings.The study found that: (1) The cognition of managers is formed based on external entrepreneurial contexts and internal resources and capabilities, and it is a key antecedent variable in the advancement of the technological innovation capability of SRDI enterprises; (2) As the external context changes, enterprises adjust their R&D intensity. At the same time, driven by both the cognition of enterprise managers and the R&D intensity, the centrality and density of enterprise cooperation networks have shown varying degrees of transformation, leading to the advancement of the enterprise technological innovation capability; (3) The study has proposed an evolutionary process model for the technological innovation capability of SRDI enterprises, clarified the internal relationship between managers' cognition, R&D intensity, network construction and technological innovation capability, and revealed the internal path for improving the technological innovation capability of SRDI enterprises.The innovation points of the study are as follows: firstly, this study explored from a cognitive perspective and found that national policies and market demand are key incentives for the evolution of technological innovation capabilities in SRDI enterprises, while managerial cognition is the microfoundation of technological innovation capabilities. The research conclusion will fill the gap in the current research on the driving factors of the evolution process of enterprise technological innovation capability and enrich the applicable context of upper echelons theory.  Secondly, the study has uncovered the "black box" of the process of enhancing the technological innovation capability of SRDI enterprises from the perspective of organizational behavior, emphasized the key role of R&D investment and network relationship construction, and provided important explanatory pathways for the growth and enhancement of technological capability of SRDI enterprises in China. Thirdly, this study has deeply analyzed the formation and evolution mechanism of enterprise technological innovation capability from a dynamic perspective, and analyzed the internal logic of the formation and advancement of SRDI enterprises technological innovation capability under the new system for mobilizing the resources nationwide from a process perspective. The research conclusion will not only promote the localization process of theory of technological innovation, but also expand the boundaries of dynamic capability theory. 

Key words: specialization, refinement, differentiation and innovation (SRDI) enterprise, R&D intensity, network relationship, technological innovation capability, evolutionary mechanism