科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 134-142.DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2024.05.014

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中外合资企业技术创新演化脉络探析

刘婷1,2,童彤1,张满姣2   

  1. 1.湖南师范大学商学院，湖南 长沙410006；
    2.湘潭大学商学院，湖南 湘潭411105

  • 收稿日期:2023-04-13 修回日期:2023-09-27 出版日期:2024-05-20 发布日期:2024-05-07
  • 通讯作者: 刘婷
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目：“中国式创新的综合优势、模式演进及体制机制的经济学研究”（22&ZD052，2023.01.01—2026.12.31)；国家社会科学基金一般项目:“新时代中外合资企业科技自主创新能力提升研究”（19BGL009，2020.01.01—2023.12.31）；湖南省研究生科研创新项目：“数字化转型对企业出口的影响研究”（CX20220468，2022.09.01—2024.06.01）。

An analysis of the evolution of technological innovation in Sino-foreign joint ventures

Liu Ting1,2, Tong Tong1, Zhang Manjiao2   

  1. 1. Business School, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, Hunan, China;
    2. Business School, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
  • Received:2023-04-13 Revised:2023-09-27 Online:2024-05-20 Published:2024-05-07

摘要：    中国式技术创新是推动中国高质量发展的第一动力，是实现中国式现代化的核心要素；而中外合资企业作为我国合理利用外资、深化改革开放的重要产物，是中国式技术创新的重要主体。通过系统梳理中外合资企业技术创新在中国式现代化发展历程中的特定现实背景和中国宏观政策演化逻辑，探究其技术创新的特点、规律及演化脉络。研究表明：（1）中外合资企业技术创新经历了萌芽阶段—市场换技术阶段（1978—20世纪末）、探索阶段—技术引进消化吸收再创新阶段（20世纪末—2017）和发展阶段—科技自主创新阶段（2017至今），各阶段在技术创新的模式、关键核心技术的主导以及技术创新能力的强弱方面都发生了明显变化；（2）中外合资企业技术创新经历了螺旋式上升路线，有着前进性、曲折性和周期性的特点；（3）技术创新现实背景和宏观政策演化逻辑的动态匹配推动了中外合资企业技术创新的阶段转化，最终走出了一条区别于美、日、韩等国家的中国式技术创新路径。该研究为理解中国式技术创新动态演化的内在逻辑提供借鉴，为中国式创新理论研究的发展方向提供启示，对深入理解我国高质量发展和中国式现代化具有十分重要的意义。

关键词: 中外合资企业, 中国式技术创新, 中国式现代化, 演化脉络

Abstract:  The Chinese-style technological innovation is not only the primary driving force for promoting high-quality development in China, but also a core element for realizing the Chinese-style modernization. Sino-foreign joint ventures, as the important outcome of China′s rational utilization of foreign investment and deepening of Reform and Opening-up, play a significant role in the Chinese-style technological innovation. By systematically combing the specific contextual background of technology innovation in Sino-foreign joint ventures within the context of China′s modernization development and the evolution logic of China′s macro policies, this paper explored the characteristics, patterns, and evolutionary path of their technological innovation. The study showed that: (1) The technological innovation of Sino-foreign joint ventures has gone through three stages: the embryonic stage, i.e. “market for technology” stage (1978-late 20th century), the exploration stage, i.e. the technology introduction, assimilation, absorption and re-innovation stage (late 20th century-2017), and the development stage, i.e. the independent technology innovation stage (2017-present). Significant changes have occurred in the innovation patterns, dominance of key and core technologies, and the strength of technological innovation capabilities in each stage; (2) The technological innovation of Sino-foreign joint ventures has experienced a spiral upward trajectory characterized by progress, twists and cycles; (3) The dynamic alignment between the reality of technological innovation and the evolution logic of macro policies has driven the transition of technological innovation stages in Sino-foreign joint ventures, and eventually paving a Chinese-style technological innovation path that is different from such countries as the United States, Japan, and South Korea. This study will provide a reference for understanding the intrinsic logic of dynamic evolution of Chinese-style technological innovation, an insight for the development direction of Chinese-style innovation theory research, and will be of great significance for an in-depth understanding of China′s high-quality development and Chinese path to modernization.

Key words: Sino-foreign joint venture, Chinese-style technological innovation, Chinese-style modernization, evolutionary path