关键词: 科技型企业, 创业失败, 失败修复, 甄别评估

Abstract:     The technology-based enterprise is an important carrier of technology-driven entrepreneurial activity, but affected by the complexity and high uncertainty of innovation and entrepreneurial activity, the entrepreneurial failure of technology-based enterprise is an objective and common phenomenon. However, due to the anti-failure bias, practical and theoretical circles often ignore the concern about entrepreneurial failure. With the deepening of the high-quality development practice of innovation and entrepreneurship in China, as well as relevant theoretical research, it is found that entrepreneurial enterprises with failure experience show more prominent potential in providing jobs, creating wealth, and promoting economic development. It is increasingly recognized that improving the guarantee mechanism for entrepreneurial failure of technology-based enterprises is particularly important to promote the re-entrepreneurship of failed entrepreneurial enterprises and improve the quality of innovation and entrepreneurship. However, constrained by limited resources, the failure recovery policy of entrepreneurial failure is difficult to benefit every technology-based enterprise in the implementation process. Therefore, it is necessary to scientifically and reasonably distinguish the objects of entrepreneurial failure recovery, and give full play to the supporting effect of external guarantee mechanism on the entrepreneurial failure recovery of technology-based enterprises.
    To accurately distinguish and evaluate the objects of entrepreneurial failure recovery of technology-based enterprises, based on the systematic analysis of the source of entrepreneurial failure, from the dual dimensions of attribute attribution and causal attribution, an evaluation index system was constructed including entrepreneurial resource acquisition ability, resources and their channels and access, entrepreneurial opportunity identification ability, market conditions, team relationship and team formalization are the six first-level indicators for the evaluation of entrepreneurial failure recovery in technology-based enterprises. By using the Interval Analytic Hierarchy Process Method, Entropy Method, and Scatter Degree Method, a combination weighting method that combines subjective weighting and objective weighting was designed, and an evaluation model was established. Meanwhile, the evaluation model was applied to evaluate and distinguish the practice cases of 10 failed technology-based enterprises. Results show that according to the scores of the evaluation results in different dimensions, the technology-based enterprises with entrepreneurial failure can be divided into six types: insufficient ability type, lack of foresight type, relationship contradiction type, resource scarcity type, poor market type, and team betrayal type. According to different types of entrepreneurial failure, targeted recovery methods are adopted.
     The contribution of this study lies in two aspects. On the one hand, from the perspective of failure recovery, this study focuses on the distinguishing of the objects of entrepreneurial failure recovery in technology-based enterprises, opens up a new direction for the studies on entrepreneurial failure recovery, and enriches the relevant content in the field of entrepreneurial failure research. On the other hand, from the perspective of attribute causality dimension, this study comprehensively applies a variety of weighting methods, and develops an evaluation model for screening the recovery objects of entrepreneurial failure of technology-based enterprises, which makes up for the deficiency of single-dimensional evaluation of entrepreneurial failure attribution, and enriches the current research status of empirical evaluation in entrepreneurial failure recovery screening.

Key words: technology-based enterprise, entrepreneurial failure, failure recovery, evaluation and distinction