科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 141-149.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

成果类型视角下高校创新效率及影响因素研究

于志军1,2，杨昌辉1,2，白羽1,2，彭张林1,2   

  1. 1合肥工业大学管理学院，安徽 合肥230009；
    2过程优化与智能决策教育部重点实验室，安徽 合肥230009
  • 收稿日期:2015-07-20 修回日期:2016-04-21 出版日期:2017-05-20 发布日期:2017-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 于志军
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金“产业转移中创新要素集聚模式及区域引导策略研究”（71303073，起止时间：2015.01-2017.12）。

The research on the S&T innovation efficiency and its Influencing factors of Chinese Colleges from the perspective of innovation types

Yu Zhijun1,2, Yang Changhui1,2, Bai Yu1,2, Peng Zhanglin1,2   

  1. 1. School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui，China; 
    2. Key Laboratory of Process Optimization and Intelligent Decision-Making, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
  • Received:2015-07-20 Revised:2016-04-21 Online:2017-05-20 Published:2017-05-20

摘要： 本文基于创新成果类型视角，将高校科技创新成果分为学术产出成果和经济产出成果，采用随机前沿模型对高校科技创新的学术产出效率、经济产出效率及其关键影响因素进行了探索性的研究。主要的研究发现有：（1）样本期内，高校的学术产出是投资驱动型的，学术产出成果的增加主要依靠R&D资本经费的投入来实现；R&D资本存量对高校经济产出效率具有负向影响，而适当增加R&D活动人员有助于提升经济产出效率。（2）各省份高校之间的学术产出效率、经济产出效率存在明显差异，但都呈现东部最高、中部次之、西部最低的分布特征，表明高校的科技创新效率与当地的经济发展水平存在一定的关联程度。（3）加强高校的科技活动交流可以显著提升高校学术产出效率和经济产出效率；高校普遍偏重“数量”的考评制度使得R&D人员素质和学术产出效率显著正相关，与经济产出效率非显著负相关；样本期间，加大政府经费支持力度不能有效提升学术产出效率。

关键词: 高等学校, 科技创新效率, 学术产出, 经济产出, 影响因素

Abstract: The innovation achievements are decomposed into academic output and economic output from the perspective of innovation types, then this paper performs the exploratory research on the aspects of academic output efficiency, economic output efficiency and key influencing factors by using SFA method. The primary findings of the study can be summarized as follows: Firstly, the academic output is an investment-driven innovation activity, and the growth of academic output relies principally on the investment of R&D expenditure. R&D expenditure has a negative influence on economic output efficiency, while the appropriate increase of R&D personnel could help to improve the efficiency of economic output. Secondly, academic output efficiency and economic output efficiency is significantly different among colleges located in different provinces, but they distribute in rundle: the east is the highest, followed by the middle, the west is the lowest. The results show that there is a certain degree of association between the S&T innovation efficiency of colleges and local economic development level. Thirdly, the existing appraisal mechanism stressing on quantity results in the significantly negative correlation between the quality of R&D personnel quality and the academic output efficiency, while the non-significant negative correlation between R&D personnel quality and economic output efficiency. During the sample period, the increase of the government's support for S&T innovation activities in colleges cannot effectively improve the academic output efficiency.

Key words: colleges, S&T innovation efficiency, academic output, economic output, influencing factors