关键词: 政策偏移, 广度内涵扩展, 深度内涵扩展, 定量分析

Abstract:

Based on the investigation and analysis of innovation and entrepreneurship policies from the micro-view, the differences between actual and expected implementation are studied, and the deeper relationship between them is analyzed. In order to measuring their distance more visible and quantifiable, the clearly distinction between policy supply and demand is pointed out, and the location theory, similarity theory and Pearson correlation test are used in the whole study.Most importantly, the migration mechanism and measurement model are constructed to analyze the relationship and differences between policy supply and actual demand, while expanding the connotation of the policy breadth and depth.In the model, the policy migration index is constructed, while the migration breadth is denoted by angle deviation and the migration depth is denoted by relative distance. Then the environment variables together with this index were used to measure the offset of policy supply and demand. Furthermore, the criterion is proposed to determine the policy migration degree based on Pearson correlation test theory. At last, the model is proved to satisfy the actual migration characteristics of policy supply and demand.Based on the above studies, the innovation and entrepreneurship policy text is sorted out, and further quantitative analysis is done. As the result, the system of innovation and entrepreneurship policy is constructed, and the effective measure scale is designed, which contains seven first-degree elements and twenty-one branches. While the first-degree elements are capital, talents, research and development, services environment, manufacturing, new products market, technology transfer and knowledge diffusion. All these are used as an empirical to validate the model and identify the policy mediation priorities.The research points out that the model can be used to do more in-depth quantitative research and comparative analysis effectively, and can help to improve the policy adjustment precision from the top-level design view. It also provides an important quantitative analysis method and theoretical support for the policy research, which will enrich the previous studies.The empirical results also indicate that, innovation and entrepreneurship policies demand exceeds supply at the overall level for all the Beijing′s scientific and technological enterprises. And they have the strongest policy supporting demand in technology and new product market, which will be strengthened through various measures at a later stage. As well as, it is weaker in capital, talents, research and development. Especially, small and micro enterprises, private enterprises, joint ventures and foreign enterprises have higher migration degree between all the policies supply and actual demand. On the other hand, capital, talent, research and development policies show better satisfaction with policy demands for all kinds of scientific and technological enterprises. Seen from various practical situations, the study gives the following suggestions. Derivative development mode, science and technology industrial park mode and cluster development mode are the very effective new ways to solve the problem of China′s technology industry development and a best choice for facing the challenges of global innovation. Most importantly, these are also feasible paths to strengthen new products market expansion, technology introduction and knowledge diffusion for Beijing science and technology enterprises. Moreover, in order to further improve the level of policy information sharing, guidance and supervision efficiently, we can take a series of measures. Such as building the resources interaction platform with the help of the enterprise cloud, which will brings far-reaching implications for policy system construction.

Key words: policy migration, breadth connotation expansion, depth connotation expansion, quantitative analysis