运用扩展C-D生产函数的索洛余值法，计算出新疆1994年至2009年R&D经费投入对区域经济增长的总体贡献率为4.58%，远低于全国40.71%的平均水平，对区域经济增长的拉动作用小；其次从投入和产出两方面构建科技投入对区域经济增长的贡献度评价指标体系，运用数据包络分析法(DEA分析法)对全国30省市科技投入的贡献度进行评价，得出新疆科技投入综合效率为0.467，低于全国平均水平，技术效率和规模效率无效导致其贡献度很低，且呈现科技投入产出规模效益递减的趋势。因此，在现有科技投入规模下，应合理配置科技资源，提高科技资源的利用效率，将科技投入最大程度地转化为对经济增长的贡献产出，发挥对经济的推动作用。
Abstract
The overall contribution of R&D inputs to regional economic growth from 1994 to 2009 in Xinjiang is 4.58% calculated by improved C-D production function, which is lower than the national average of 40.71%. The index systems of contribution of R&D inputs to regional economic growth were built concerning both inputs and outputs. The data envelopment analysis (DEA analysis) was used to evaluate the contribution of investment in science and technology in the 30 provinces. The conclusions are that the overall efficiency of investment in science and technology in Xinjiang is 0.467, lower than the national average, the invalid of technical efficiency and scale efficiency lead to the lower of contribution, and the input-output scale of scientific and technological presents a decreasing trend. Therefore, under the size of the existing investment in science and technology, we should allocate the scientific and technological resources reasonably, improve the efficiency in the use of scientific and technological resources, and make sure the greatest degree of transformation of the science and technology investment to the economic growth.
关键词
科技投入 /
经济增长 /
贡献度 /
新疆
Key words
science and technology inputs /
economic growth /
contribution /
Xinjiang
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] R.Solow. A contribution to the theory of economic growth[J].The Quarterly Journal of Economics,1956,70(1) :65-94.
[2] R.Solow. Technical change and the aggregate production function[J].The Review of Economics and Statistics,1957,39(3):312-320.
[3] K.Arrow. Economic implications of learning by doing[J].The Review of Economic Studies,1962,29(3):155-173.
[4] Nasierowski W, Arcelus F J.On the efficiency of national innovation systems[J].Socio-economic Planning Sciences,2003,(37):215-234.
[5] Wang Eric C.R&D efficiency and economic perforance:A cross-country analysis using the stochasic frontier approach[J].Journal of Policy Modeling,2007,29(2).260-273
[6] 师萍,许治等. 我国R&D投入绩效的实证研究[J].中国软科学,2004(6):125-130.
[7] 徐春杰,李强. 科技投入产出绩效评价的内生增长模型研究[J],中国软科学,2006(8):65-72.
[8] 陈劲,陈钰芬. 企业技术创新绩效评价指标体系研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2006(3):86-91.
[9] 李兵,王铮等. 我国科技投入对经济增长贡献的实证研究[J].科学学研究,2009(2):196-201.
[10] 卢方元, 赵银虎.基于DEA的河南省R&D绩效研究[J].地域研究与开发,2012,31(6):40-75.
[11] 吴建宁, 王选华.中国科技进步贡献率测度:一种新的视角[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2013(8):10-17.
[12] 卢方元, 李小鸽.基于SVAR模型的自主创新投入产出动态效应分析—以我国大中型工业企业为例[J].科研管理,2014,35(1):25-32.
[13] 罗伯特. 索洛.经济增长因素分析[M],北京:商务印书馆,1991.
[14] Charnes.A, Cooper W W,Rhodes E.Measuring the efficiency of decision making units[J],European Journal of Operational Research,1978,2(6):429-444.
[15] 魏权龄. 数据包络分析[M],北京:科学出版社,2004.
[16] 单红梅,李芸. 1991-2003年间中国科技投入经济效果的实证分析[J].系统工程,2006,24(9):88-92.
基金
国家自然科学基金项目（批准号：71263051；起止时间：2013.1-2015.12）；新疆研究生科研创新项目（批准号：XJGRI2013009；起止时间：2013.6-2013.12）；新疆大学博士创新基金项目（批准号：XJUBSCX-2012011，起止时间：2013.1-2014.12）。
