科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (12): 11-22.DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.12.002

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

自主可控的中国产业价值链构建路径研究——以中国大型无人机产业创新为例

郑舒文1，欧阳桃花1，陈昕童1,2，麻强1,3    

  1. 1.北京航空航天大学经济管理学院，北京100191；
    2.中国国际工程咨询有限公司 战略咨询部，北京100048；
    3.保利科技有限公司，北京100010
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-30 修回日期:2025-04-10 接受日期:2025-04-10 出版日期:2025-12-20 发布日期:2025-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 麻强
  • 基金资助:
    北京市社会科学基金重点项目：“北京市低空经济产业生态构建的共演战略研究”（24JJA001)。

Research on the construction path of China′s autonomous and controllable industrial value chains: A case study of China′s large UAV industry

Zheng Shuwen1, Ouyang Taohua1, Chen Xintong1,2, Ma Qiang1,3   

  1. 1. School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; 
    2. Strategic Consulting Department, China International Engineering Consulting Corporation, Beijing 100048, China; 
    3. Poly Technologies INC, Beijing 100010, China
  • Received:2024-12-30 Revised:2025-04-10 Accepted:2025-04-10 Online:2025-12-20 Published:2025-12-15

摘要：     逆全球化背景下中国产业价值链的构建不仅要追求效率更要兼顾安全。特别是对于后发国家战略性高新技术产业来说，安全为主、效率兼顾的自主可控产业价值链深刻地影响着一国的技术赶超、经济发展与稳定安全。为回应何以构建以自主可控为目标的中国产业价值链这一主题，本文基于系统韧性视角围绕中国大型无人机产业展开纵向案例研究，探讨中国链的典型特征、构建路径和边界条件。研究发现：第一，不同于大规模制成品可以从“嵌入者”身份起步通过深度参与全球产业价值链分工逐步培育自身竞争优势、实现后发赶超。大型无人机这类复杂敏感产品唯有以“主导者”起步才能规避“低端锁定”的嵌入型风险、掌握产业价值链核心环节的主导权。由此本文从适用产品、起步情境、行动主体、行动路径与行动逻辑五个维度提炼以“主导者”为起点的中国产业价值链典型特征。第二，提出构建自主可控中国链的过程理论模型，即：产业价值链的两端即研发端和服务端是构建中国链的关键环节，同时系统韧性以预期性和过程性两种类型共同作用于关键环节，具体以技术创新和组织协同为载体推动产业价值链实现自主可控。第三，机会窗口与我国航空产业的配套模式是保障自主可控中国链得以构建的必要条件。本文的发现不仅有助于拓展系统韧性理论研究范畴、丰富中国链的学术内涵、打开其构建路径的“黑箱”，也有助于为链主企业强化主体地位、以点带链引领全球产业价值链创新提供启示借鉴。

关键词: 中国链, 产业价值链, 自主可控, 系统韧性, 大型无人机产业

Abstract:    Under the backdrop of de-globalization, the construction of China′s industrial value chain not only pursues efficiency but also takes security into account. Especially for the strategic high-tech industries of latecomer countries, an autonomous and controllable industrial value chain that prioritizes security while considering efficiency profoundly influences their technological catch-up, economic development, and stability and security. In response to the theme of how to build an industrial value chain with the goal of autonomy and controllability in China, this paper conducted a longitudinal case study on China′s large unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) industry from the perspective of system resilience, exploring the typical characteristics, construction paths, and boundary conditions of the "China Chain". The research findings are as follows: Firstly, unlike mass-produced manufactured goods that can begin as "embedded participants" to cultivate competitive advantages through deep engagement in global value chain (GVC) divisions, complex sensitive products like large UAVs must start as "dominant players" to avoid the "low-end lock-in" risks of embedded participation and secure control over core value chain segments. This paper thus extracted five dimensions of the "China Chain" model—applicable products, initial conditions, actors, action pathways, and operational logic—anchored in the "dominant player" starting point. Secondly, a processual theoretical framework for building autonomy and controllable China Chains was proposed: the two ends of the industrial value chain (R&D and service sectors) constitute critical junctures. System resilience operates through anticipatory and processbased mechanisms across these junctures. Technological innovation and organizational synergy serve as dual drivers for achieving autonomy and controllability. Thirdly, opportunity windows and China′s aviation industry collaboration model emerge as necessary conditions for constructing autonomy-controllable value chains. This study will contribute to expanding the system resilience theory, enrich the academic discourse on "China Chain", and unveil the "black box" of their construction. It will also offer practical insights for "chain-leading" enterprises to strengthen their dominant positions and spearhead innovation in global industrial value chains.

Key words:  China Chain, industrial value chain, autonomy and controllability, system resilience, large UAV industry