感知创业制度环境与创业坚持的关系研究

doi:10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.03.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 创业被广泛视为消除贫困的重要手段。然而，创业者在贫困情景下如何坚持创业尚待深入研究。本研究基于社会认知理论，以云南省怒江傈僳族自治州脱贫县（福贡县）少数民族创业者为研究对象，采用多案例分析和问卷调研相结合的方法，探索了该地区创业者感知创业制度环境与创业坚持的关系及其边界条件。通过对4个典型案例及116份有效问卷的因子分析、多重共线性检验及回归分析，得出以下结论：（1）在贫困情境下，创业坚持受到创业者个体对外部创业制度环境主观感知的显著影响；（2）创业者的贫困身份和经营规模会削弱其创业制度环境主观感知对创业坚持行为的影响；（3）对于非贫困建档户且小规模经营的创业者，其创业制度环境感知对创业坚持的影响最强；而对于贫困建档户且小规模经营的创业者，其创业制度环境感知对创业坚持的影响最弱。本研究丰富了创业坚持驱动因素及其作用机制边界条件的研究，拓展了社会认知理论在创业领域的运用，对欠发达少数民族地区制定创业扶持政策提供重要参考。

关键词: 感知创业制度环境, 创业坚持, 贫困身份, 经营规模

Abstract: Entrepreneurship is widely regarded as an important means to eliminate poverty. However, the factors influencing entrepreneurial persistence in impoverished contexts remain underexplored. Based on the social cognitive theory, this study took ethnic entrepreneurs in Fugong, a poverty alleviation area in the Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province as research samples, combined multiple cases analysis with questionnaires to explore the relationship and boundary conditions of entrepreneurs′ perceived entrepreneurial institutional environment and entrepreneurial persistence in this area. Through an analysis of 4 typical case studies, factor analysis, multicollinearity tests as well as multiple regression analysis based on empirical data derived from 116 valid questionnaires, the following conclusions were drawn: firstly, in the context of poverty, entrepreneurial persistence is significantly impacted by the perceived entrepreneurial institutional environment of entrepreneurs; secondly, poverty identity and business size of entrepreneurs weaken the relationship between the perceived entrepreneurial institutional environment and entrepreneurial persistence respectively; thirdly, for those entrepreneurs without poverty identity but with small business size, their perceived entrepreneurial institutional environment has the strongest impact on entrepreneurial persistence. For those entrepreneurs with poverty identity and small business size, their perceived entrepreneurial institutional environment has the weakest impact on entrepreneurial persistence. This study has enriched the research on influential factors on entrepreneurial persistence and boundary conditions of its effect mechanism, extended the application of social cognitive theory to entrepreneurial field, and it will provide some implications for underdeveloped ethnic regions to make supportive entrepreneurial policies.

Key words: perceived entrepreneurial institutional environment, entrepreneurial persistence, poverty identity, business size

唐明凤刘晓萌黄皓张元. 感知创业制度环境与创业坚持的关系研究[J]. 科研管理, 2025, 46(3): 140-149.

Tang Mingfeng, Liu Xiaomeng, Huang Hao, Zhang Yuan. Research on the relationship between perceived entrepreneurial institutional environment and entrepreneurial persistence[J]. Science Research Management, 2025, 46(3): 140-149.

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