科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 1-10.

• 论文 •    下一篇

基于创新政策的高新技术产业创新生态系统评估研究

刘兰剑1，2，项丽琳1，2，夏青1，2   

  1. 1.长安大学公共管理与法学院，陕西 西安710064；
    2.长安大学中国人文社会科学研究评价中心，陕西 西安710064
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-11 修回日期:2020-03-15 出版日期:2020-05-20 发布日期:2020-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 刘兰剑
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金项目:“面向‘一带一路’产能合作的新能源汽车国际贸易网络研究”（19BJY072，2019.07-2022.12）；中央高校基金项目：“面向‘2035’的科技管理与贸易政策研究”（300102110610，2019.12-2023.03)；新能源汽车国际产能合作模式与政策研究（300102110655，2019.12-2023.03)。

A research on evaluation of high-tech industry innovation ecosystems based on innovation policies

Liu Lanjian1,2, Xiang Lilin1,2, Xia Qing1,2#br#    

  1. 1. School of Public Administration and Law, Chang′an University, Xi′an 710064, Shaanxi, China; 
    2. Humanities and Social Science Research Evaluation Center of China, Chang′an University, Xi′an 710064, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2019-10-11 Revised:2020-03-15 Online:2020-05-20 Published:2020-05-21

摘要： 当前关于创新生态系统（创新30）的思辨研究取得了一定的成就，迫切需要实证研究对思辨中提出的理念进一步深入探索和实际检验。建立适用于创新生态系统的评估指标体系，是引导创新生态系统建设、优化第三代创新政策的有效举措。本文从创新政策出发，研究创新生态系统评估的思路、方法和指标等问题，建构了包含创新生态系统动态演化、可持续创新、开放性三个维度的创新生态系统评估指标体系。选择2007-2016年我国高新技术产业的相关数据进行实证评估。研究发现：第一，我国高新技术产业创新生态系统增长空间较大，同时也佐证了当前的创新政策亟需转型。第二，近年来我国创新政策在促进高新技术产业种群结构方面取得了较好的效果，但目前种群之间协同创新仍动力不足。第三，在推动科技成果转化方面取得了一定成效，但在改善创新投入与产出比例上尚需调整政策，未来应追求更加广泛的系统开放性。第四，创新政策应注重促进创新生态系统动态演化、可持续创新和开放性等各方面的协同发展，避免因过度引导而产生的创新生态系统的畸形发展问题。

关键词: 创新生态系统, 创新政策, 高新技术产业, 评估

Abstract: At present, the theoretical research on innovation ecosystem (innovation 3.0) has made some achievements. It is urgent for empirical research to further explore and test the ideas put forward in the theoretical research. It is also an effective measure to guide the construction of innovation ecosystem and optimize the third generation innovation policy. Starting from the innovation policy, this paper studies the ideas, methods and indicators of innovation ecosystem evaluation, and constructs an innovation ecosystem evaluation index system including three dimensions: dynamic evolution, sustainable innovation and openness, by selecting the data of high-tech industry in China from 2007 to 2016 for empirical evaluation.
The findings are as follows: first, the innovation ecosystem of China′s high-tech industry has a large growth space, which also proves that the current innovation policy needs to be transformed. Second, in recent years, China′s innovation policies have achieved good results in promoting the population structure of high-tech industries, but at present, the collaborative innovation among populations is still lack of power. Third, we have made some achievements in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, but we still need to adjust policies to improve the proportion of innovation input and output, and we should pursue more extensive system openness in the future. Fourth, innovation policy should focus on promoting the coordinated development of innovation ecosystem in dynamic evolution, sustainable innovation and openness, so as to avoid the abnormal development of innovation ecosystem caused by excessive guidance.
According to the results of empirical analysis, this paper puts forward the following policy recommendations for the development of innovation ecosystem of high-tech industry. First, continue to give play to the guiding role of the government and accelerate the transformation to the third generation innovation policy. Pay attention to the coordinated development of the dynamic evolution, sustainable innovation and system openness of the innovation ecosystem of high-tech industry, gradually form the innovation policy system conducive to the development of the ecosystem of high-tech industry, and guide the reasonable development of the industry.
Second, in the environmental policy, we should focus on promoting the cooperation policy of industry, university and research, increase the power for the cooperation of innovation population, build a policy system conducive to the overall competitiveness of innovation ecosystem, distinguish the functions and tasks of basic research, applied research, development research and other links, so that the contributions of each link are mutually supported and the division of labor is relatively clear, which cannot simply require all of the scientific research is application-oriented. 
Third, in the supply side policy, we should integrate scientific and technological resources, continue to promote the transformation of innovative achievements, enhance the protection of innovative achievements, continue to support the development of scientific and technological intermediaries, and create a good environment for the operation of innovation ecosystem.
Fourth, in the demand side policy, we should focus on adjusting the investment structure and building a multi-channel and multi-level investment mechanism for high-tech industry. Financial support should reflect the dominant position of enterprises in technological innovation. In addition to the advantages of large-scale high-tech enterprises, it should also pay attention to small and medium-sized enterprises with development potential, and provide them with certain financing platform and policy welfare.

Key words: innovation ecosystem, innovation policy, high-tech industry, evaluation