科研管理 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (9): 211-220.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

企业技术集成能力基因结构模型研究

郭亮1,綦良群1,于渤2   

  1. 1哈尔滨理工大学 经济与管理学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨150080;
    2哈尔滨工业大学 经济与管理学院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨150001
  • 收稿日期:2016-07-07 修回日期:2018-06-26 出版日期:2019-09-20 发布日期:2019-09-19
  • 通讯作者: 郭亮
  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后科学基金(项目批准号:2016M601439);黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目(项目批准号:16GLC03);黑龙江省博士后资助计划(项目批准号:LBH-Z15103);教育部人文社科规划项目(项目批准号:15YJC630119)。

A research on the gene structure model of enterprises’ technology integration capability

Guo Liang1, Qi Liangqun1, Yu Bo2   

  1. 1. School of Economics and Management, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, Heilongjiang, China;
    2. School of Economics and Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2016-07-07 Revised:2018-06-26 Online:2019-09-20 Published:2019-09-19
  • Supported by:
    ;National Science Foundation of China Research Grant, “Transfer of alliance management practices across organizational boundaries: Mechanisms and effects”

摘要: 技术集成能力是衡量企业资源配置水平,影响企业集成创新效果的内生动力,其形成方式与成长过程一直是理论界的研究热点。本文借鉴企业基因理论,从仿生学视角剖析技术集成能力基因本质,运用实证方法探究技术集成能力基因碱基的具体表达方式,在此基础上构建技术集成能力基因结构模型,揭示其成长“黑箱”。研究表明,技术集成能力基因是由技术链和管理链构成的双螺旋结构,信息监测、组织柔性、系统整合和技术学习是技术集成能力基因碱基要素的具体表现形式,也是技术集成能力成长的驱动要素。技术集成能力基因通过复制、变异和重组的一系列进化过程,实现要素匹配和功能优化,完成能力的适应性演化,提高企业资源配置效率。本文旨在为基因结构模型研究由概念性构建向实证识别提供全新思路和研究框架。

关键词: 技术集成能力, 基因结构模型, 创新驱动, 适应性演化

Abstract: With the rapid development of global science and technology innovation, the enterprise innovation model has shifted from the previous recognition of single factors to the integration and matching of multiple innovation resources. Technology integration capability is a special dynamic capability to meet the needs of enterprise technology systems by identifying, selecting and integrating the internal and external technical resources of the enterprise, and adapting to changes environment of the market. The improvement of technology integration capability could help enterprises to achieve coordinated development among resource elements, and realize technological catch-up and even leapfrogging on product systems in a non-continuous manner. As an endogenous motivation to measure the level of enterprise resource allocation and influence the effect of enterprise integration innovation, the formation and growth process of technology integration capability has always been a research hotspot in the theories. Gene theory is considered to be the transformation of exogenous theory and endogenous theory of enterprise competitive advantage, which can be used to analyzed the growth mechanism and capability difference from the perspective of bionic evolution based on the study results of organizational structure, behavior and management system. The gene model is applied to the exploration of corporate decision-making behavior and ability with its unique thinking paradigm and analytical method. Therefore, the paper analyzes the nature of technology integration capability from the perspective of bionics, and applies empirical methods to explore the specific expression patterns of gene bases of technology integration capability, and then it builds the gene structure model of technology integration capability and reveals the “black box” of growth about this capability.
The results show that technology integration capability gene is a double helix structure composed of technology chain and management chain. Information monitoring, organization flexibility, system integration and technology learning are not only the specific manifestations of gene base elements of technology integration capability, but also the driving factors for the growth of technology integration ability. Information monitoring (I) is the basis for the formation of technology integration capabilities, determines the source of information and channels, and filters and extracts the access to technical resources. Organizational flexibility (O) is the guarantee for the development of technology integration capabilities, which makes enterprises have a flat organizational structure that achieves an efficient self-organization system, coordinate the enterprise’s innovation strategy and management model. System integration (S) is the key to the evolution of technology integration capabilities, which could optimize platform elements and inter-feature linkages, integrated innovation resource and promote the coordinated development of various elements within the organization. Technology learning (T) is the driving force for the growth of technology integration capabilities, which roots in the organizational structure of enterprises, acts on utilization and re-creation of knowledge to achieve the continuous growth of internalization capabilities. Double chains(technology chain and management chain) are the helical structure, that connects four base elements in series, and the four base elements are causal and nonlinear interactions, also mutually transform and complement each other. Due to the different arrangement of the base elements in space, the technology integration capability has a double helix structure with completely different morphological and functional functions, which leads to significant differences in innovation behavior and innovation ability of individual enterprises.
To verify the validity of the model, the paper analyzes Harbin Electric Machinery Co., Ltd. (HEC) by gene structure model. HEC is a backbone enterprise in the research and development and manufacturing of large and medium-sized power generation equipment in China. The company is an equipment manufacturing that has grown stronger under the background of innovation-driven strategy. Technological integration capability of it is driven by innovation factors and has distinct evolutionary characteristics. Firstly, HEC has obvious advantages in three aspects: information acquisition, experimental ability and integration team. It is mainly reflected in the continuous updating of experimental facilities, the purchase of advanced scientific instruments and the optimization of management information systems, which could rapidly capture the development trends of related technologies, satisfy changes in market demand, and the continuously improve and upgrade of products. Secondly, HEC has achieved remarkable results in the structure of flexible organizations. It adopts a flexible and organic flat organizational structure to ensure the highest efficiency of the organization and the coordination of innovation strategies and business methods. Thirdly, HEC has outstanding performance in integration of technical system resources. As the only national key laboratory of hydropower equipment in the industry, it strives to reduce the redundancy and damage of system integration with platform integration and improve the success rate of research and development. And the company also improve the optimal allocation of resource systems and increase the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements through the establishment of transform direct network about scientific research results. Finally, HEC pays more attention to technology R&D, cooperation and innovation, and focuses on the organic combination of production, education and research. Form now on, more than 30 companies from 12 countries have established project cooperation relationships, which strengthen the competitiveness of enterprises based on knowledge sharing and experiences exchange. HEC’s competitive advantage is inseparable from its innovative model and capability training model. The company relies on information monitoring means and flexible organizational structure to continuously carry out technology mining, complete the aggregation and distribution of resource elements and organic integration among the elements, so as to obtain the comprehensive advantages of enterprises.
Therefore, it can be considered that the technology integration capability completes the arrangement and advantage aggregation by four innovative driving factors(information monitoring, organizational flexibility, system integration and technology learning) under the urging of a series of evolutionary processes based on the interaction with the external environment. Technology integration capability Genes can achieve elemental matching and function optimization through a series of evolutionary processes of replication, mutation and reorganization, as well as complete the adaptive evolution of capabilities, and improve the efficiency of resource allocation of enterprises. The purpose of this research is to provides a new idea and research framework for the study of gene structure model from conceptual construction to empirical identification. It also could provide a new view to explore the influence mechanism and evolution mechanism in the process of capability growth, and seek the root of the difference in innovation effect of enterprises by genetic evolution process and action path from the essence of capability genes.

Key words: technology integration capability, gene structure model, innovation-driven, adaptive evolution