科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 170-177.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

领先用户研究：概念，测量与影响因素

王楠1,2，张士凯1，陈劲3   

  1. 1.北京工商大学商学院，北京100037；
    2.清华大学技术创新研究中心，北京100084;
    3.清华大学经济管理学院，北京100084
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-10 修回日期:2018-06-08 出版日期:2019-01-20 发布日期:2019-01-21
  • 通讯作者: 王楠
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目“企业网络创新社区中用户在线参与创新行为影响因素及用户间互动作用机制研究”（71602006，2017.01-2019.12）；国家自然科学基金项目“高管团队的权力分布及其经济后果研究”（71672003，2017.01-2020.12）；国家社会科学基金面上项目“共享经济下的企业资源贡献行为及企业间协同机制研究”（18BGL083，2018.09-2021.09）。

Lead user research:Concepts, measurements and influencing factors

Wang Nan1,2, Zhang Shikai1, Chen Jin3   

  1. 1. School of Business, Beijing Technology and Business University，Beijing 100037, China; 
    2. Center for Technological Innovation Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 
    3. School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2017-09-10 Revised:2018-06-08 Online:2019-01-20 Published:2019-01-21

摘要： 研究领先用户，可以了解未来市场发展趋势和捕捉用户需求变化，开发更具市场潜力的新产品或服务等，并增加企业新产品或服务的竞争优势。但相关研究尚未成熟，且国内研究十分缺乏。基于相关外文数据库对领先用户理论研究的重要成果进行了梳理，深入分析了领先用户的概念、量表与测量和影响因素等。研究发现：（1）领先用户是指在特定领域处于重要市场前沿地位（领先市场趋势），并期望从满足需求的解方案中获得高收益（高期望收益）的用户；（2）量表包括领先市场趋势和高期望收益两个基本维度；（3）影响因素由领域相关变量、领域独立变量和动机构成。最后，对未来研究方向进行了展望，以期为国内学者进一步研究领先用户及企业与领先用户合作进行新产品开发提供参考。

关键词: 领先用户, 概念与维度, 量表与测量, 影响因素

Abstract: Studying lead users can understand future market development trends and capture user needs, develop new products and services with more market potential and so on, and increase the competitive advantage of the company's new products or services. But the relevant research is not yet mature, and domestic research is very scarce. Based on the relevant foreign language databases, this study sorts out the important results of theoretical research of lead user, and analyzes in depth the concept, scales, measurements, and influencing factors. Results show that: first, lead users are individuals that are at the forefront of trends in important marketplace (ahead on an important marketplace trend) and expect high benefit from obtaining solutions to their needs (high expected benefits); second, the scale includes two basic dimensions of ahead on an important marketplace trend and high expected benefits; third, the antecedents of lead user consist of field-related variables, field-independent variables and motivation. Finally, the prospect of future research is prospected in order to provide references for domestic scholars to further study lead users and enterprises cooperate with lead users in new product development.

Key words: lead user, concepts and dimensions, scales and measurements, influencing factors