科研管理 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (7): 9-16.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

开源对软件厂商创新模式选择和R&D投入的影响

刘莹,廖貅武,李新明   

  1. 西安交通大学 管理学院,陕西 西安710049
  • 收稿日期:2016-09-05 修回日期:2017-07-06 出版日期:2018-07-20 发布日期:2018-11-06
  • 通讯作者: 廖貅武
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金重大研究计划培育项目:“大数据驱动下的社会化电子商务价值生成和价值分配问题的研究”(91546119,起止时间:2016.1-2018.12);国家自然科学基金海外及港澳学者合作研究基金项目:“互联网环境下信息产品与服务定价策略研究”(71628205,起止时间:2017.1-2018.12)。

Impact of open source on innovation mode selection and R&D investment of software vendors

Liu Ying, Liao Xiuwu, Li Xinming   

  1. School of Management, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2016-09-05 Revised:2017-07-06 Online:2018-07-20 Published:2018-11-06

摘要: 通过开放源代码,软件厂商可以借助外部创新力量提升产品质量,但开源同时也会导致部分用户的流失。本文通过构建两阶段的经济学模型,比较两种创新模式的均衡结果,得到了软件厂商的创新模式选择和相应的R&D投入策略。研究发现:(1)若软件厂商对开源社区内开发者贡献的代码资源的吸收能力更强,那么当社区开发者贡献水平较高或者软件厂商R&D成本较低时,其最优选择为开源模式,否则为闭源模式;相反,若开源社区的吸收能力更强,则只有当软件厂商R&D成本较低时才应选择开源模式,否则应选择闭源模式;(2)开源后虽然可以获得外部创新力量,但软件厂商为了维持产品的质量优势,必须增加其R&D投入。本文对软件厂商的决策和相关政策的制定具有指导意义。

关键词: 开源;创新模式;R&, D投入;吸收能力

Abstract: Through releasing software as open source, the software vendor can improve software quality significantly with the help of outside innovation forces. However, it leads to the loss of market. With construction of a two-period economic model and comparison of equilibrium outcomes under two innovation models, this paper obtains the software vendor’s choice of innovation model and R&D investment strategy. The study results are as follows: first, when the software vendor has stronger absorptive capacity for code resource from contributors compared with the open source community, the vendor’s best choice is open source innovation model as long as the community attracts much enough contribution or the vendor has low R&D cost, otherwise the vendor would choose proprietary innovation model. On the contrary, when the open source community has stronger absorptive capacity, the vendor would choose open source innovation model only if it has low R&D cost, else proprietary model is the best. Second, although the software vendor can obtain the support from outside innovation force after releasing the source code, it should raise its R&D investment to maintain quality advantage of its software. This paper provides some insightful guidance for software vendors and policy makers.

Key words: open source, innovation model, R&D investment, absorptive capacity