科研管理 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 46-53.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

汽车零部件制造商运用装配制造商知识的情境分析

林岩   

  1. 大连海事大学交通运输管理学院
  • 收稿日期:2014-12-11 修回日期:2016-03-30 出版日期:2017-01-20 发布日期:2017-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 林岩
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然基金“支持协同创作的社会化媒体知识集成研究”(项目号: 70801007, 2016年1月至2019年12月)。

Contexts Analysis on Automobile Components Manufacturers’ Use of Assembling Manufacturers' Knowledge

Lin Yan   

  1. School of Transportation Management, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026,Liaoning, China
  • Received:2014-12-11 Revised:2016-03-30 Online:2017-01-20 Published:2017-01-20

摘要: 一个长期困扰汽车零部件制造商的问题是,著名车企(汽车装配制造商)是否可以作为重要的技术知识来源。对于这个问题,以往的实证工作从宏观的视角给出了总体上的观察结果,尚缺乏微观视角的分析和验证。本文旨在厘清汽车装配制造商的技术知识运用于零部件制造商创新中的真实作用,即探讨在不同的创新情境中的不同作用。我们提出两个维度作为区分不同情境的基础:零件商创造能力和创新的激进程度。交叉这两个维度得到四种创新情境,我们分别讨论零部件制造商在各种情境中运用著名车企知识的作用。以美国汽车行业中的零部件制造商作为研究对象,以他们发布的专利作为样本,以专利数据构建变量,开展了实证研究。结果显示,只有在“能力较弱的零部件制造商在开展激进程度较低的创新”情境中,运用装配制造商的技术知识会对创新质量产生显著的促进作用。另外一个重要的结果是,在“能力较强的零部件制造商在开展激进程度较高的创新”情境中,运用越多装配制造商知识,创新质量越差;进一步的探索发现,在这种情境中零部件制造商应当从更为广泛的外部来源中获取知识,并加以运用。

关键词: 汽车生产行业, 创新, 知识运用, 情境, 专利数据

Abstract: A question has long puzzled automobile components firms is that whether the automakers is the important knowledge source for their innovations? Previous empirical studies, which were designed in the macro level, gave the overview scene. The main purpose of this paper is, from the micro view, to clarify for automobile components suppliers about the real effect of using automakers’ knowledge in their innovations. We believe the effect may be different in different contexts. Two dimensions are identified to classify the context: the supplier’s capability in creation and the radicalness of the innovation. Four type contexts of innovations are identified by integrating these 2 dimensions. Employing parts suppliers in the United States as the research subject, and applying patent data to construct variables, we examine the effects of using automakers’ knowledge in different contexts. The result shows that, the automakers' knowledge play the major role in the case of a weak supplier initiates a less radical innovation. Further, when a strong supplier initiates an innovation with high level of radical, using more automakers’ knowledge will decrease his innovation quality. The result also shows that, strong suppliers can’t gain benefits by using automakers’ knowledge, what they should do is searching knowledge broadly from other external sources.

Key words:  innovation, technology recombination, auto manufacturing industry, contexts, patent data