科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12): 55-64.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

企业R&D组织方式与创新绩效:资源因素的调节

许强，高一帆   

  1. 浙江工业大学经贸管理学院，浙江 杭州 310023
  • 收稿日期:2013-08-07 修回日期:2016-03-17 出版日期:2016-12-20 发布日期:2016-12-16
  • 通讯作者: 高一帆
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目（71072162）：母子公司知识异质性、协同创新行为与创新绩效关系研究（2011-2013）;本文同时受到浙江省哲学社会科学重点研究基地“技术创新与企业国际化研究中心”资助。

R&D organization structure and innovation performance: the moderating effect of resources

Xu Qiang, Gao Yifan   

  1. College of Economics and Management, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2013-08-07 Revised:2016-03-17 Online:2016-12-20 Published:2016-12-16

摘要： 关于集中R&D还是分散R&D更能促进企业创新绩效，现有研究存在观点分歧。本文基于国内上市的高新技术企业，从知识基础观和组织经济学的不同视角，对R&D组织方式与企业创新绩效的关系进行理论分析和实证研究。在此基础上考察资源状况对上述关系是否产生影响，通过引入分别体现资源丰裕程度和资源多样性程度的变量：组织冗余和多元化，利用方差分析与回归分析方法探究其对于上述关系的调节作用。结果显示，分散R&D更能促进企业创新绩效，这种促进关系在不同行业中无显著差异，并受到未吸收组织冗余和产品多元化的正向调节作用。本研究表明，知识基础观更适合解释当前国内企业注重分散R&D组织方式，通过创新资源的分散开发和多渠道获取来提升创新绩效，并且企业所拥有的资源因素特征会影响这种方式的创新效果。

关键词: R&, D组织方式；创新绩效；组织冗余；多元化

Abstract: There are no consistent arguments in existed literatures whether the centralized or decentralized R&D organization structure promotes firm’s technological innovation performance. With the knowledge-based view of the firm and organizational economics,this paper examines the relationship between R&D organization structure and innovation performance and conducts an empirical study based on 362 hi-tech listed firms in china. Furthermore, we introduce two variables of organizational slack and diversification, which can reflect the status of resources composed of resource’s affluence and resource’s diversity, and explore their moderating effects on the relationship between R&D organization structure and innovation performance using Variance analysis and regression analysis. The results show that decentralized R&D structure boosts firm’s innovation performance irrespective of differences among industries. Furthermore, the relationship is positively moderated by unabsorbed organizational slack and product diversification. The results imply that Chinese firms prefer to improve the firm’s innovation performance using the decentralized structure with exploration and expansive sourcing which can be explained by knowledge-based view of the firm. To a great extent, the effect of such R&D structure is moderated by resources in the firm.

Key words: R&D organization structure, innovation performance, organizational slack, diversification